Name: MS flashcards & mnemonics: McDonald, EDSS, DMTs
Published: 2026-10-20

Multiple sclerosis: an animated, cited guide

This page needs JavaScript for its animations. The outline and key answers are below, and every claim in the full version carries a numbered citation.

Not medical advice. MS Companion is an educational synthesis of published literature. It does not replace a clinician.

What is in it

What MS is Who gets it, the numbers, and where in the nervous system it strikes.
Myelin and demyelination How signals jump along a myelinated nerve fibre, and what a lesion does to them.
The immune attack T cells, B cells and the blood-brain barrier, step by step.
Genes and risk factors HLA-DRB1*15:01, Epstein-Barr virus, vitamin D, smoking and teenage obesity.
Relapse and remission over time Relapsing, secondary progressive and primary progressive MS on one timeline.
A relapse, week by week Onset, steroids and recovery, and how a pseudo-relapse differs.
Measuring disability: EDSS The 0 to 10 scale and what confirmed worsening means.
McDonald criteria calculator Dissemination in space and time, CSF, and the 2017 and 2024 rules.
The differential NMOSD, MOGAD and other conditions that look like MS.
How the drugs work Where each disease-modifying therapy acts.
The DMT ladder Escalation, early high-efficacy treatment and stopping in later life.
Safety and monitoring PML and the JCV index, infections, vaccines and rebound.
Toward a cure Remyelination, BTK inhibitors, stem-cell transplantation and EBV.
Symptoms and rehabilitation Fatigue, spasticity, bladder, walking, mood and cognition.
Living with MS Pregnancy, work, heat, exercise and planning.
Nursing care Assessment, giving the medicines, monitoring and teaching.
History and people From Carswell and Charcot to the 2024 criteria.
Flashcards, quiz and glossary Revision for students.
Sources Every reference behind the app.

Flashcards & mnemonics

Mnemonics

Mnemonic in motion: two places, two times